Abstract
Objective: To compare the predictive validity of learning and retention measures from the picture version of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test with Immediate Recall (pFCSRT + IR) for identifying incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Learning was defined by the sum of free recall (FR) and retention by delayed free recall (DFR) tested 15-20 min later. Totally, 1422 Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) participants (mean age 69.6 years, 54% male, mean 16.7 years of education) without dementia or MCI received the pFCSRT + IR at baseline and were followed longitudinally. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the effect of baseline learning and retention on risk of MCI. Results: In total, 187 participants developed MCI over a median of 8.1 years of follow-up. FR and DFR each predicted incident MCI adjusting for age, sex, and education. Also, each independently predicted incident MCI in the presence of the other with similar effect sizes: around 20% decrease in the hazard of MCI corresponding to one standard deviation increase in FR or DFR. Conclusion: The practice of preferring retention over learning to predict incident MCI should be reconsidered. The decision to include retention should be guided by time constraints and patient burden.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 292-299 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society |
Volume | 28 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 22 2022 |
Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease
- Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test
- Memory disorders
- Mild cognitive impairment
- Preclinical dementia
- Prospective studies
- Retention
- Verbal learning
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Neuroscience
- Clinical Psychology
- Clinical Neurology
- Psychiatry and Mental health