@article{a933456221404cb0affafb0c0fb77a8a,
title = "Prevalence, Awareness, and Treatment of Hypertension in Hispanics/Latinos With CKD in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos",
abstract = "Rationale & Objective: Lower rates of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control have been observed in Hispanics/Latinos compared with non-Hispanic whites. These factors have not been studied in Hispanics/Latinos with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We sought to describe the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Hispanic/Latino adults with CKD. Study Design: Cross-sectional cohort. Setting & Participants: US.Hispanics/Latinos aged 18 to 74 years enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) with CKD. Comparisons were made with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007 to 2010. Exposure: CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or urinry albumin-creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg/g creatinine. Outcomes: Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 140 or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mm Hg or use of antihypertensives. For hypertension control, 2 thresholds were examined: <140/90 and <130/80 mm Hg. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 51.5%; among those with hypertension, hypertension awareness and treatment were present in 78.1% and 70.4%, respectively. A low prevalence of BP control was observed (32.6% with BP < 140/90 mm Hg; 17.9% with BP < 130/80 mm Hg). Health insurance coverage was associated with higher odds of BP < 140/90 mm Hg (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.15-3.43). Compared with non-Hispanic whites with CKD in NHANES, HCHS/SOL participants with CKD had a lower prevalence of hypertension but a lower rate of BP control (32.6% vs 48.6% for BP < 140/90 mm Hg). Limitations: Use of a single measurement of creatinine, cystatin C, and urinary albumin excretion to define CKD. Single-visit measurement of BP. Conclusions: Hispanics/Latinos with CKD residing in the United States have very low rates of BP control. The association of health insurance coverage with hypertension control suggests that improved access to health care may improve outcomes for this growing population.",
keywords = "Hispanics/Latinos, Hypertension, health disparities, hypertension control, hypertension treatment",
author = "Lora, {Claudia M.} and Ricardo, {Ana C.} and Jinsong Chen and Nora Franceschini and Kramer, {Holly J.} and Melamed, {Michal L.} and Leopoldo Raij and Rosas, {Sylvia E.} and Neil Schneiderman and Martha Daviglus and Lash, {James P.}",
note = "Funding Information: The HCHS/SOL was carried out as a collaborative study supported by contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to the University of North Carolina ( N01-HC65233 ), University of Miami ( N01-HC65234 ), Albert Einstein College of Medicine ( N01-HC65235 ), Northwestern University ( N01-HC65236 ), and San Diego State University ( N01-HC65237 ). The following institutes/centers/offices contribute to the HCHS/SOL through a transfer of funds to the NHLBI : National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities , National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders , National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research , National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke , National Institutes of Health Institution-Office of Dietary Supplements, and Dr Lash is funded by NIDDK K24 DK092290 . The funders did not have a role in study design; data collection, analysis, or reporting; or the decision to submit for publication. Funding Information: Claudia M. Lora, MD, Ana C. Ricardo, MD, Jinsong Chen, PhD, Nora Franceschini, MD, Holly J. Kramer, MD, MPH, Michal L. Melamed, MD, Leopoldo Raij, MD, Sylvia E. Rosas, MD, Neil Schneiderman, MD, Martha Daviglus, MD,and James P. Lash, MD. Research idea and study design: CML, ACR, JPL; data acquisition: CML, ACR, JPL; data analysis/interpretation: CML, ACR, JC, NF, HJK, MLM, LR, SER, NS, MD, JPL; statistical analysis: JC; supervision or mentorship: CML, JPL, MD. Each author contributed important intellectual content during manuscript drafting or revision, accepts personal accountability for the author's own contributions, and agrees to ensure that questions pertaining to the accuracy or integrity of any portion of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. The HCHS/SOL was carried out as a collaborative study supported by contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to the University of North Carolina (N01-HC65233), University of Miami (N01-HC65234), Albert Einstein College of Medicine (N01-HC65235), Northwestern University (N01-HC65236), and San Diego State University (N01-HC65237). The following institutes/centers/offices contribute to the HCHS/SOL through a transfer of funds to the NHLBI: National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health Institution-Office of Dietary Supplements, and Dr Lash is funded by NIDDK K24 DK092290. The funders did not have a role in study design; data collection, analysis, or reporting; or the decision to submit for publication. The authors declare that they have no relevant financial interests. The authors thank the staff and participants of HCHS/SOL for their important contributions. Investigators website: http://www.cscc.unc.edu/hchs/. Received August 20, 2019. Evaluated by 3 external peer reviewers, with direct editorial input from the Statistical Editor and the Editor-in-Chief. Accepted in revised form February 17, 2020. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Authors",
year = "2020",
month = may,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.xkme.2020.02.005",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "2",
pages = "332--340",
journal = "Kidney Medicine",
issn = "2590-0595",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
number = "3",
}