TY - JOUR
T1 - Prescription monitoring programs and emergency department visits involving opioids, 2004-2011
AU - Maughan, Brandon C.
AU - Bachhuber, Marcus A.
AU - Mitra, Nandita
AU - Starrels, Joanna L.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was funded by NIH K23DA027719 (Dr. Starrels). Drs. Maughan and Bachhuber received additional support from the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program at the University of Pennsylvania. The funding bodies had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 .
PY - 2015/11/1
Y1 - 2015/11/1
N2 - Objective: To determine the association between prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) implementation and emergency department (ED) visits involving opioid analgesics. Methods: Rates of ED visits involving opioid analgesics per 100,000 residents were estimated from the Drug Abuse Warning Network dataset for 11 geographically diverse metropolitan areas in the United States on a quarterly basis from 2004 to 2011. Generalized estimating equations assessed whether implementation of a prescriber-accessible PDMP was associated with a difference in ED visits involving opioid analgesics. Models were adjusted for calendar quarter, metropolitan area, metropolitan area-specific linear time trends, and unemployment rate. Results: Rates of ED visits involving opioid analgesics increased in all metropolitan areas. PDMP implementation was not associated with a difference in ED visits involving opioid analgesics (mean difference of 0.8 visits [95% CI: -3.7 to 5.2] per 100,000 residents per quarter). Conclusions: During 2004-2011, PDMP implementation was not associated with a change in opioid-related morbidity, as measured by emergency department visits involving opioid analgesics. Urgent investigation is needed to determine the optimal PDMP structure and capabilities to improve opioid analgesic safety.
AB - Objective: To determine the association between prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) implementation and emergency department (ED) visits involving opioid analgesics. Methods: Rates of ED visits involving opioid analgesics per 100,000 residents were estimated from the Drug Abuse Warning Network dataset for 11 geographically diverse metropolitan areas in the United States on a quarterly basis from 2004 to 2011. Generalized estimating equations assessed whether implementation of a prescriber-accessible PDMP was associated with a difference in ED visits involving opioid analgesics. Models were adjusted for calendar quarter, metropolitan area, metropolitan area-specific linear time trends, and unemployment rate. Results: Rates of ED visits involving opioid analgesics increased in all metropolitan areas. PDMP implementation was not associated with a difference in ED visits involving opioid analgesics (mean difference of 0.8 visits [95% CI: -3.7 to 5.2] per 100,000 residents per quarter). Conclusions: During 2004-2011, PDMP implementation was not associated with a change in opioid-related morbidity, as measured by emergency department visits involving opioid analgesics. Urgent investigation is needed to determine the optimal PDMP structure and capabilities to improve opioid analgesic safety.
KW - Emergency departments
KW - Opioids
KW - Prescription drug abuse
KW - Prescription drug monitoring programs
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U2 - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.09.024
DO - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.09.024
M3 - Article
C2 - 26454836
AN - SCOPUS:84946423565
SN - 0376-8716
VL - 156
SP - 282
EP - 288
JO - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
JF - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
M1 - 5753
ER -
