@article{d9b99e83b06b4f6db30dc32944b48e01,
title = "ORCA/LRWD1 Regulates Homologous Recombination at ALT-Telomeres by Modulating Heterochromatin Organization",
abstract = "Telomeres are maintained by telomerase or in a subset of cancer cells by a homologous recombination (HR)-based mechanism, Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT). The mechanisms regulating telomere-homeostasis in ALT cells remain unclear. We report that a replication initiator protein, Origin Recognition Complex-Associated (ORCA/LRWD1), by localizing at the ALT-telomeres, modulates HR activity. ORCA's localization to the ALT-telomeres is facilitated by its interaction to SUMOylated shelterin components. The loss of ORCA in ALT-positive cells elevates the levels of two mediators of HR, RPA and RAD51, and consistent with this, we observe increased ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia body formation and telomere sister chromatid exchange. ORCA binds to RPA and modulates the association of RPA to telomeres. Finally, the loss of ORCA causes global chromatin decondensation, including at the telomeres. Our results demonstrate that ORCA acts as an inhibitor of HR by modulating RPA binding to ssDNA and inducing chromatin compaction.",
keywords = "Biological Sciences, Chromosome Organization, Molecular Biology, Molecular Structure",
author = "Hsu, {Rosaline Y.C.} and Lin, {Yo Chuen} and Christophe Redon and Qinyu Sun and Singh, {Deepak K.} and Yating Wang and Vasudha Aggarwal and Jaba Mitra and Abhijith Matur and Branden Moriarity and Taekjip Ha and Aladjem, {Mirit I.} and Prasanth, {Kannanganattu V.} and Prasanth, {Supriya G.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank members of the Prasanth laboratory for discussions and suggestions. We thank Drs. A. Chakraborty, T. deLange, R. Flynn, R. Greenberg, C. Mizzen, C. Prives, Z. Shen, B. Stillman, L. Zou, and V. Mohan for providing reagents and suggestions. We thank Dr. D. Rivier and Ms. Adusumilli for critical reading of the manuscript. We thank Dr. Lorinc Pongor for advice on statistical analysis of sequencing data. This work was supported by NSF-CMMB-IGERT fellowship to R.Y.C.H.; The Intramural Program of the National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research (1ZIABC010419 to M.I.A.), National Institutes of Health (R21AG065748), National Science Foundation EAGER (MCB 1723008) and Cancer Center at Illinois Seed Grant and Prairie Dragon Paddlers awards to K.V.P. and NSF (1243372 and 1818286) and NIH (GM099669 and GM125196) awards to S.G.P. T.H. is an investigator with Howard Hughes Medical Institute. The authors declare no competing financial interests. R.Y.C.H. designed, performed, and analyzed most experiments. Y.-C.L. and Y.W. helped purify proteins; C.R. and M.I.A. analyzed the ChIP-seq data; Q.S. performed TERRA qPCR. D.K.S. generated the ORCA KO cell line; B.M. provided reagents and assisted with generating ORCA KO cell line; V.A. and J.M. helped with SiMPull experiments; A.M. helped with cloning. T.H. provided technical support and conceptual advice toward SiMPull experiments. S.G.P. and K.V.P. supervised the project. S.G.P. and R.Y.C.H. wrote the manuscript. The authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: We thank members of the Prasanth laboratory for discussions and suggestions. We thank Drs. A. Chakraborty, T. deLange, R. Flynn, R. Greenberg, C. Mizzen, C. Prives, Z. Shen, B. Stillman, L. Zou, and V. Mohan for providing reagents and suggestions. We thank Dr. D. Rivier and Ms. Adusumilli for critical reading of the manuscript. We thank Dr. Lorinc Pongor for advice on statistical analysis of sequencing data. This work was supported by NSF -CMMB-IGERT fellowship to R.Y.C.H.; The Intramural Program of the National Cancer Institute , Center for Cancer Research ( 1ZIABC010419 to M.I.A.), National Institutes of Health ( R21AG065748 ), National Science Foundation EAGER ( MCB 1723008 ) and Cancer Center at Illinois Seed Grant and Prairie Dragon Paddlers awards to K.V.P., and NSF ( 1243372 and 1818286 ) and NIH ( GM099669 and GM125196 ) awards to S.G.P. T.H. is an investigator with Howard Hughes Medical Institute. The authors declare no competing financial interests. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Author(s)",
year = "2020",
month = may,
day = "22",
doi = "10.1016/j.isci.2020.101038",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "23",
journal = "iScience",
issn = "2589-0042",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
number = "5",
}
