TY - JOUR
T1 - Metabolomics Biomarkers for Fatty Acid Intake and Biomarker-Calibrated Fatty Acid Associations with Chronic Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women
AU - Prentice, Ross L.
AU - Vasan, Sowmya
AU - Tinker, Lesley F.
AU - Neuhouser, Marian L.
AU - Navarro, Sandi L.
AU - Raftery, Daniel
AU - Gowda, GA Nagana
AU - Pettinger, Mary
AU - Aragaki, Aaron K.
AU - Lampe, Johanna W.
AU - Huang, Ying
AU - Van Horn, Linda
AU - Manson, Jo Ann E.
AU - Wallace, Robert B.
AU - Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin
AU - Wactawski-Wende, Jean
AU - Liu, Simin
AU - Snetselaar, Linda
AU - Howard, Barbara V.
AU - Chlebowski, Rowan T.
AU - Zheng, Cheng
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 American Society for Nutrition
PY - 2023/9
Y1 - 2023/9
N2 - Background: A substantial observational literature relating specific fatty acid classes to chronic disease risk may be limited by its reliance on self-reported dietary data. Objectives: We aimed to develop biomarkers for saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acid densities, and to study their associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Women's Health Initiative (WHI) cohorts. Methods: Biomarker equations were based primarily on serum and urine metabolomics profiles from an embedded WHI human feeding study (n = 153). Calibration equations were based on biomarker values in a WHI nutritional biomarker study (n = 436). Calibrated intakes were assessed in relation to disease incidence in larger WHI cohorts (n = 81,894). Participants were postmenopausal women, aged 50–79 when enrolled at 40 United States Clinical Centers (1993–1998), with a follow-up period of ∼20 y. Results: Biomarker equations meeting criteria were developed for SFA, MUFA, and PUFA densities. That for SFA density depended somewhat weakly on metabolite profiles. On the basis of our metabolomics platforms, biomarkers were insensitive to trans fatty acid intake. Calibration equations meeting criteria were developed for SFA and PUFA density, but not for MUFA density. With or without biomarker calibration, SFA density was associated positively with risk of CVD, cancer, and T2D, but with small hazard ratios, and CVD associations were not statistically significant after controlling for other dietary variables, including trans fatty acid and fiber intake. Following this same control, PUFA density was not significantly associated with CVD risk, but there were positive associations for some cancers and T2D, with or without biomarker calibration. Conclusions: Higher SFA and PUFA diets were associated with null or somewhat higher risk for clinical outcomes considered in this population of postmenopausal United States women. Further research is needed to develop even stronger biomarkers for these fatty acid densities and their major components. This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00000611.
AB - Background: A substantial observational literature relating specific fatty acid classes to chronic disease risk may be limited by its reliance on self-reported dietary data. Objectives: We aimed to develop biomarkers for saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acid densities, and to study their associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Women's Health Initiative (WHI) cohorts. Methods: Biomarker equations were based primarily on serum and urine metabolomics profiles from an embedded WHI human feeding study (n = 153). Calibration equations were based on biomarker values in a WHI nutritional biomarker study (n = 436). Calibrated intakes were assessed in relation to disease incidence in larger WHI cohorts (n = 81,894). Participants were postmenopausal women, aged 50–79 when enrolled at 40 United States Clinical Centers (1993–1998), with a follow-up period of ∼20 y. Results: Biomarker equations meeting criteria were developed for SFA, MUFA, and PUFA densities. That for SFA density depended somewhat weakly on metabolite profiles. On the basis of our metabolomics platforms, biomarkers were insensitive to trans fatty acid intake. Calibration equations meeting criteria were developed for SFA and PUFA density, but not for MUFA density. With or without biomarker calibration, SFA density was associated positively with risk of CVD, cancer, and T2D, but with small hazard ratios, and CVD associations were not statistically significant after controlling for other dietary variables, including trans fatty acid and fiber intake. Following this same control, PUFA density was not significantly associated with CVD risk, but there were positive associations for some cancers and T2D, with or without biomarker calibration. Conclusions: Higher SFA and PUFA diets were associated with null or somewhat higher risk for clinical outcomes considered in this population of postmenopausal United States women. Further research is needed to develop even stronger biomarkers for these fatty acid densities and their major components. This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00000611.
KW - biomarker
KW - cancer
KW - cardiovascular disease
KW - metabolomics
KW - monounsaturated fatty acids
KW - polyunsaturated fatty acids
KW - saturated fatty acids
KW - type 2 diabetes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85159910062&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85159910062&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.003
DO - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 37178978
AN - SCOPUS:85159910062
SN - 0022-3166
VL - 153
SP - 2663
EP - 2677
JO - Journal of Nutrition
JF - Journal of Nutrition
IS - 9
ER -
