TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of a multipronged beverage intervention on young children's beverage intake and weight
T2 - A cluster-randomized pilot study
AU - Grummon, Anna H.
AU - Cabana, Michael D.
AU - Hecht, Amelie A.
AU - Alkon, Abbey
AU - McCulloch, Charles E.
AU - Brindis, Claire D.
AU - Patel, Anisha I.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant number K23 HD067305 to A.I.P.). General support and training support for A.H.G. were provided by the Carolina Population Center (grant numbers P2C HD050924 and T32 HD007168). A.A.H. was supported through the Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future - Lerner Fellowship. C.D.B. was supported in part by grants from the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, US Department of Health and Human Services (grant numbers U45MC27709 and UA6MC27378) to the Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco. The funders had no role in the study design; the collection, analysis or interpretation of the data; the writing of the report; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Funding Information:
Acknowledgements: The authors thank Keren Eyal, Maria Martin, Céline Stamets, Kiah Thorne and Meagan Treviño for assistance with data collection and Emily Altman for assistance with data management. Financial support: This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant number K23 HD067305 to A.I.P.). General support and training support for A.H.G. were provided by the Carolina Population Center (grant numbers P2C HD050924 and T32 HD007168). A.A.H. was supported through the Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future – Lerner Fellowship. C.D.B. was supported in part by grants from the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, US Department of Health and Human Services (grant numbers U45MC27709 and UA6MC27378) to the Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco. The funders had no role in the study design; the collection, analysis or interpretation of the data; the writing of the report; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Conflict of interest: None. Authorship: A.H.G. coordinated data collection, analysed the data, drafted the initial manuscript, and reviewed and revised the manuscript. M.D.C., A.A. and C.D.B. provided critical intellectual input on study design, data collection instruments, data analysis and interpretation, and manuscript development and revisions. A.A.H. assisted with analyses, helped interpret the data and critically reviewed the manuscript. C.E.M. supervised data analysis and interpretation and critically reviewed the manuscript. A.I.P. conceptualized and designed the study, supervised all aspects of the study and critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript. Ethics of human subject participation: This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and all procedures involving human subjects were approved by the Committee on Human Research at the University of California San Francisco. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Authors.
PY - 2019/10/1
Y1 - 2019/10/1
N2 - Objective: To evaluate whether a multipronged pilot intervention promoting healthier beverage consumption improved at-home beverage consumption and weight status among young children. Design: In this exploratory pilot study, we randomly assigned four childcare centres to a control (delayed-intervention) condition or a 12-week intervention that promoted consumption of healthier beverages (water, unsweetened low- or non-fat milk) and discouraged consumption of less-healthy beverages (juice, sugar-sweetened beverages, high-fat or sweetened milk). The multipronged intervention was delivered via childcare centres; simultaneously targeted children, parents and childcare staff; and included environmental changes, policies and education. Outcomes were measured at baseline and immediately post-intervention and included children's (n 154) at-home beverage consumption (assessed via parental report) and overweight/obese status (assessed via objectively measured height and weight). We estimated intervention impact using difference-in-differences models controlling for children's demographics and classroom. Setting: Two northern California cities, USA, 2013-2014. Participants: Children aged 2-5 years and their parents. Results: Relative to control group children, intervention group children reduced their consumption of less-healthy beverages from baseline to follow-up by 5.9 ounces/d (95 % CI -11.2, -0.6) (-174.5 ml/d; 95 % CI -331.2, -17.7) and increased their consumption of healthier beverages by 3.5 ounces/d (95 % CI -2.6, 9.5) (103.5 ml/d; 95 % CI -76.9, 280.9). Children's likelihood of being overweight decreased by 3 percentage points (pp) in the intervention group and increased by 3 pp in the control group (difference-in-differences: -6 pp; 95 % CI -15, 3). Conclusions: Our exploratory pilot study suggests that interventions focused comprehensively on encouraging healthier beverage consumption could improve children's beverage intake and weight. Findings should be confirmed in longer, larger studies.
AB - Objective: To evaluate whether a multipronged pilot intervention promoting healthier beverage consumption improved at-home beverage consumption and weight status among young children. Design: In this exploratory pilot study, we randomly assigned four childcare centres to a control (delayed-intervention) condition or a 12-week intervention that promoted consumption of healthier beverages (water, unsweetened low- or non-fat milk) and discouraged consumption of less-healthy beverages (juice, sugar-sweetened beverages, high-fat or sweetened milk). The multipronged intervention was delivered via childcare centres; simultaneously targeted children, parents and childcare staff; and included environmental changes, policies and education. Outcomes were measured at baseline and immediately post-intervention and included children's (n 154) at-home beverage consumption (assessed via parental report) and overweight/obese status (assessed via objectively measured height and weight). We estimated intervention impact using difference-in-differences models controlling for children's demographics and classroom. Setting: Two northern California cities, USA, 2013-2014. Participants: Children aged 2-5 years and their parents. Results: Relative to control group children, intervention group children reduced their consumption of less-healthy beverages from baseline to follow-up by 5.9 ounces/d (95 % CI -11.2, -0.6) (-174.5 ml/d; 95 % CI -331.2, -17.7) and increased their consumption of healthier beverages by 3.5 ounces/d (95 % CI -2.6, 9.5) (103.5 ml/d; 95 % CI -76.9, 280.9). Children's likelihood of being overweight decreased by 3 percentage points (pp) in the intervention group and increased by 3 pp in the control group (difference-in-differences: -6 pp; 95 % CI -15, 3). Conclusions: Our exploratory pilot study suggests that interventions focused comprehensively on encouraging healthier beverage consumption could improve children's beverage intake and weight. Findings should be confirmed in longer, larger studies.
KW - Beverage consumption
KW - Child care
KW - Early childhood
KW - Obesity prevention intervention
KW - Overweight/obesity
KW - Sugar-sweetened beverages
KW - Water
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85069164311&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85069164311&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S1368980019001629
DO - 10.1017/S1368980019001629
M3 - Article
C2 - 31303190
AN - SCOPUS:85069164311
SN - 1368-9800
VL - 22
SP - 2856
EP - 2867
JO - Public Health Nutrition
JF - Public Health Nutrition
IS - 15
ER -
