TY - JOUR
T1 - Does the left atrial appendage morphology correlate with the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation? Results from a multicenter study
AU - Di Biase, Luigi
AU - Santangeli, Pasquale
AU - Anselmino, Matteo
AU - Mohanty, Prasant
AU - Salvetti, Ilaria
AU - Gili, Sebastiano
AU - Horton, Rodney
AU - Sanchez, Javier E.
AU - Bai, Rong
AU - Mohanty, Sanghamitra
AU - Pump, Agnes
AU - Cereceda Brantes, Mauricio
AU - Gallinghouse, G. Joseph
AU - Burkhardt, J. David
AU - Cesarani, Federico
AU - Scaglione, Marco
AU - Natale, Andrea
AU - Gaita, Fiorenzo
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Di Biase is a consultant for Hansen Medical and Biosense Webster. Dr. Burkhardt is the chief medical advisor to Stereotaxis. Dr. Natale received speaker honorariums from Boston Scientific, Biosense Webster, St. Jude Medical, Medtronic, Biotronik, and Life Watch; and a research grant from St. Jude Medical . All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose Drs. Di Biase and Santangeli are joint first authors.
PY - 2012/8/7
Y1 - 2012/8/7
N2 - Objectives: This study investigated the left atrial appendage (LAA) by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to categorize different LAA morphologies and to correlate the morphology with the history of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA). Background: LAA represents one of the major sources of cardiac thrombus formation responsible for TIA/stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: We studied 932 patients with drug-refractory AF who were planning to undergo catheter ablation. All patients underwent cardiac CT or MRI of the LAA and were screened for history of TIA/stroke. Four different morphologies were used to categorize LAA: Cactus, Chicken Wing, Windsock, and Cauliflower. Results: CT scans of 499 patients and MRI scans of 433 patients were analyzed (age 59 ± 10 years, 79% were male, and 14% had CHADS 2 [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age >75, Diabetes mellitus, and prior Stroke or transient ischemic attack] score <2). The distribution of different LAA morphologies was Cactus (278 [30%]), Chicken Wing (451 [48%]), Windsock (179 [19%]), and Cauliflower (24 [3%]). Of the 932 patients, 78 (8%) had a history of ischemic stroke or TIA. The prevalence of pre-procedure stroke/TIA in Cactus, Chicken Wing, Windsock, and Cauliflower morphologies was 12%, 4%, 10%, and 18%, respectively (p = 0.003). After controlling for CHADS 2 score, gender, and AF types in a multivariable logistic model, Chicken Wing morphology was found to be 79% less likely to have a stroke/TIA history (odd ratio: 0.21, 95% confidence interval: 0.05 to 0.91, p = 0.036). In a separate multivariate model, we entered Chicken Wing as the reference group and assessed the likelihood of stroke in other groups in relation to reference. Compared with Chicken Wing, Cactus was 4.08 times (p = 0.046), Windsock was 4.5 times (p = 0.038), and Cauliflower was 8.0 times (p = 0.056) more likely to have had a stroke/TIA. Conclusions: Patients with Chicken Wing LAA morphology are less likely to have an embolic event even after controlling for comorbidities and CHADS 2 score. If confirmed, these results could have a relevant impact on the anticoagulation management of patients with a low-intermediate risk for stroke/TIA.
AB - Objectives: This study investigated the left atrial appendage (LAA) by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to categorize different LAA morphologies and to correlate the morphology with the history of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA). Background: LAA represents one of the major sources of cardiac thrombus formation responsible for TIA/stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: We studied 932 patients with drug-refractory AF who were planning to undergo catheter ablation. All patients underwent cardiac CT or MRI of the LAA and were screened for history of TIA/stroke. Four different morphologies were used to categorize LAA: Cactus, Chicken Wing, Windsock, and Cauliflower. Results: CT scans of 499 patients and MRI scans of 433 patients were analyzed (age 59 ± 10 years, 79% were male, and 14% had CHADS 2 [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age >75, Diabetes mellitus, and prior Stroke or transient ischemic attack] score <2). The distribution of different LAA morphologies was Cactus (278 [30%]), Chicken Wing (451 [48%]), Windsock (179 [19%]), and Cauliflower (24 [3%]). Of the 932 patients, 78 (8%) had a history of ischemic stroke or TIA. The prevalence of pre-procedure stroke/TIA in Cactus, Chicken Wing, Windsock, and Cauliflower morphologies was 12%, 4%, 10%, and 18%, respectively (p = 0.003). After controlling for CHADS 2 score, gender, and AF types in a multivariable logistic model, Chicken Wing morphology was found to be 79% less likely to have a stroke/TIA history (odd ratio: 0.21, 95% confidence interval: 0.05 to 0.91, p = 0.036). In a separate multivariate model, we entered Chicken Wing as the reference group and assessed the likelihood of stroke in other groups in relation to reference. Compared with Chicken Wing, Cactus was 4.08 times (p = 0.046), Windsock was 4.5 times (p = 0.038), and Cauliflower was 8.0 times (p = 0.056) more likely to have had a stroke/TIA. Conclusions: Patients with Chicken Wing LAA morphology are less likely to have an embolic event even after controlling for comorbidities and CHADS 2 score. If confirmed, these results could have a relevant impact on the anticoagulation management of patients with a low-intermediate risk for stroke/TIA.
KW - CHADS score
KW - TIA
KW - left atrial appendage
KW - stroke
KW - stroke prevention
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.04.032
DO - 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.04.032
M3 - Article
C2 - 22858289
AN - SCOPUS:84864758434
SN - 0735-1097
VL - 60
SP - 531
EP - 538
JO - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
JF - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
IS - 6
ER -