Abstract
Recent studies have emphasized the role of microglia in the progression of many neurodegenerative diseases. The colony stimulating factors, CSF-1 (M-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) and granulocyte CSF (G-CSF) regulate microglia through different cognate receptors. While the receptors for GM-CSF (GM-CSFR) and G-CSF (G-CSFR) are specific for their ligands, CSF-1 shares its receptor, the CSF-1 receptor-tyrosine kinase (CSF-1R), with interleukin-34 (IL-34). All four cytokines are expressed locally in the CNS. Activation of the CSF-1R in macrophages is anti-inflammatory. In contrast, the actions of GM-CSF and G-CSF elicit different activated states. We here review the roles of each of these cytokines in the CNS and how they contribute to the development of disease in a mouse model of CSF-1R-related leukodystrophy. Understanding their roles in this model may illuminate their contribution to the development or exacerbation of other neurodegenerative diseases.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 1275935 |
Journal | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
Volume | 17 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2023 |
Keywords
- ALSP
- CRL
- CSF-1
- CSF-1 receptor
- CSF-2
- CSF-3
- demyelinating disease
- microglia
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience