Constraints on very high energy gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts

R. Atkins; W. Benbow; D. Berley; E. Blaufuss; D. G. Coyne; T. DeYoung; B. L. Dingus; D. E. Dorfan; R. W. Ellsworth; L. Fleysher; R. Fleysher; M. M. Gonzalez; J. A. Goodman; E. Hays; C. M. Hoffman; L. A. Kelley; C. P. Lansdell; J. T. Linnemann; J. E. McEnery; A. I. Mincer; M. F. Morales; P. Nemethy; D. Noyes; J. M. Ryan; F. W. Samuelson; P. M. Saz Parkinson; A. Shoup; G. Sinnis; A. J. Smith; G. W. Sullivan; D. A. Williams; M. E. Wilson; X. W. Xu; G. B. Yodh

doi:10.1086/432501

Constraints on very high energy gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts

R. Atkins, W. Benbow, D. Berley, E. Blaufuss, D. G. Coyne, T. DeYoung, B. L. Dingus, D. E. Dorfan, R. W. Ellsworth, L. Fleysher, R. Fleysher, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, E. Hays, C. M. Hoffman, L. A. Kelley, C. P. Lansdell, J. T. Linnemann, J. E. McEnery, A. I. MincerM. F. Morales, P. Nemethy, D. Noyes, J. M. Ryan, F. W. Samuelson, P. M. Saz Parkinson, A. Shoup, G. Sinnis, A. J. Smith, G. W. Sullivan, D. A. Williams, M. E. Wilson, X. W. Xu, G. B. Yodh

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Abstract

The Milagro Gamma-Ray Observatory employs a water Cerenkov detector to observe extensive air showers produced by high-energy particles interacting in the Earth's atmosphere. Milagro has a wide field of view and high duty cycle, monitoring the northern sky almost continuously in the 100 GeV to 100 TeV energy range. Milagro is thus uniquely capable of searching for very high energy emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) during the prompt emission phase. Detection of > 100 GeV counterparts would place powerful constraints on GRB mechanisms. Twenty-five satellite-triggered GRBs occurred within the field of view of Milagro between 2000 January and 2001 December. We have searched for counterparts to these GRBs and found no significant emission from any of the burst positions. Due to the absorption of high-energy gamma rays by the extragalactic background light, detections are only expected to be possible for redshifts less than ∼0.5. Three of the GRBs studied have measured redshifts. GRB 010921 has a redshift low enough (0.45) to allow an upper limit on the fluence to place an observational constraint on potential GRB models.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	996-1002
Number of pages	7
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	630
Issue number	2 I
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1086/432501
State	Published - Sep 10 2005
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Gamma rays: bursts
Gamma rays: observations

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1086/432501

Cite this

Atkins, R., Benbow, W., Berley, D., Blaufuss, E., Coyne, D. G., DeYoung, T., Dingus, B. L., Dorfan, D. E., Ellsworth, R. W., Fleysher, L., Fleysher, R., Gonzalez, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Hays, E., Hoffman, C. M., Kelley, L. A., Lansdell, C. P., Linnemann, J. T., McEnery, J. E., ... Yodh, G. B. (2005). Constraints on very high energy gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts. Astrophysical Journal, 630(2 I), 996-1002. https://doi.org/10.1086/432501

Atkins, R, Benbow, W, Berley, D, Blaufuss, E, Coyne, DG, DeYoung, T, Dingus, BL, Dorfan, DE, Ellsworth, RW, Fleysher, L, Fleysher, R, Gonzalez, MM, Goodman, JA, Hays, E, Hoffman, CM, Kelley, LA, Lansdell, CP, Linnemann, JT, McEnery, JE, Mincer, AI, Morales, MF, Nemethy, P, Noyes, D, Ryan, JM, Samuelson, FW, Saz Parkinson, PM, Shoup, A, Sinnis, G, Smith, AJ, Sullivan, GW, Williams, DA, Wilson, ME, Xu, XW & Yodh, GB 2005, 'Constraints on very high energy gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 630, no. 2 I, pp. 996-1002. https://doi.org/10.1086/432501

@article{3ed99b68a18c47068a4e60c057f075be,

title = "Constraints on very high energy gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts",

abstract = "The Milagro Gamma-Ray Observatory employs a water Cerenkov detector to observe extensive air showers produced by high-energy particles interacting in the Earth's atmosphere. Milagro has a wide field of view and high duty cycle, monitoring the northern sky almost continuously in the 100 GeV to 100 TeV energy range. Milagro is thus uniquely capable of searching for very high energy emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) during the prompt emission phase. Detection of > 100 GeV counterparts would place powerful constraints on GRB mechanisms. Twenty-five satellite-triggered GRBs occurred within the field of view of Milagro between 2000 January and 2001 December. We have searched for counterparts to these GRBs and found no significant emission from any of the burst positions. Due to the absorption of high-energy gamma rays by the extragalactic background light, detections are only expected to be possible for redshifts less than ∼0.5. Three of the GRBs studied have measured redshifts. GRB 010921 has a redshift low enough (0.45) to allow an upper limit on the fluence to place an observational constraint on potential GRB models.",

keywords = "Gamma rays: bursts, Gamma rays: observations",

author = "R. Atkins and W. Benbow and D. Berley and E. Blaufuss and Coyne, {D. G.} and T. DeYoung and Dingus, {B. L.} and Dorfan, {D. E.} and Ellsworth, {R. W.} and L. Fleysher and R. Fleysher and Gonzalez, {M. M.} and Goodman, {J. A.} and E. Hays and Hoffman, {C. M.} and Kelley, {L. A.} and Lansdell, {C. P.} and Linnemann, {J. T.} and McEnery, {J. E.} and Mincer, {A. I.} and Morales, {M. F.} and P. Nemethy and D. Noyes and Ryan, {J. M.} and Samuelson, {F. W.} and {Saz Parkinson}, {P. M.} and A. Shoup and G. Sinnis and Smith, {A. J.} and Sullivan, {G. W.} and Williams, {D. A.} and Wilson, {M. E.} and Xu, {X. W.} and Yodh, {G. B.}",

year = "2005",

month = sep,

day = "10",

doi = "10.1086/432501",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "630",

pages = "996--1002",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Constraints on very high energy gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts

AU - Atkins, R.

AU - Benbow, W.

AU - Berley, D.

AU - Blaufuss, E.

AU - Coyne, D. G.

AU - DeYoung, T.

AU - Dingus, B. L.

AU - Dorfan, D. E.

AU - Ellsworth, R. W.

AU - Fleysher, L.

AU - Fleysher, R.

AU - Gonzalez, M. M.

AU - Goodman, J. A.

AU - Hays, E.

AU - Hoffman, C. M.

AU - Kelley, L. A.

AU - Lansdell, C. P.

AU - Linnemann, J. T.

AU - McEnery, J. E.

AU - Mincer, A. I.

AU - Morales, M. F.

AU - Nemethy, P.

AU - Noyes, D.

AU - Ryan, J. M.

AU - Samuelson, F. W.

AU - Saz Parkinson, P. M.

AU - Shoup, A.

AU - Sinnis, G.

AU - Smith, A. J.

AU - Sullivan, G. W.

AU - Williams, D. A.

AU - Wilson, M. E.

AU - Xu, X. W.

AU - Yodh, G. B.

PY - 2005/9/10

Y1 - 2005/9/10

N2 - The Milagro Gamma-Ray Observatory employs a water Cerenkov detector to observe extensive air showers produced by high-energy particles interacting in the Earth's atmosphere. Milagro has a wide field of view and high duty cycle, monitoring the northern sky almost continuously in the 100 GeV to 100 TeV energy range. Milagro is thus uniquely capable of searching for very high energy emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) during the prompt emission phase. Detection of > 100 GeV counterparts would place powerful constraints on GRB mechanisms. Twenty-five satellite-triggered GRBs occurred within the field of view of Milagro between 2000 January and 2001 December. We have searched for counterparts to these GRBs and found no significant emission from any of the burst positions. Due to the absorption of high-energy gamma rays by the extragalactic background light, detections are only expected to be possible for redshifts less than ∼0.5. Three of the GRBs studied have measured redshifts. GRB 010921 has a redshift low enough (0.45) to allow an upper limit on the fluence to place an observational constraint on potential GRB models.

AB - The Milagro Gamma-Ray Observatory employs a water Cerenkov detector to observe extensive air showers produced by high-energy particles interacting in the Earth's atmosphere. Milagro has a wide field of view and high duty cycle, monitoring the northern sky almost continuously in the 100 GeV to 100 TeV energy range. Milagro is thus uniquely capable of searching for very high energy emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) during the prompt emission phase. Detection of > 100 GeV counterparts would place powerful constraints on GRB mechanisms. Twenty-five satellite-triggered GRBs occurred within the field of view of Milagro between 2000 January and 2001 December. We have searched for counterparts to these GRBs and found no significant emission from any of the burst positions. Due to the absorption of high-energy gamma rays by the extragalactic background light, detections are only expected to be possible for redshifts less than ∼0.5. Three of the GRBs studied have measured redshifts. GRB 010921 has a redshift low enough (0.45) to allow an upper limit on the fluence to place an observational constraint on potential GRB models.

KW - Gamma rays: bursts

KW - Gamma rays: observations

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U2 - 10.1086/432501

DO - 10.1086/432501

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:26844504731

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 630

SP - 996

EP - 1002

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2 I

ER -

Constraints on very high energy gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts

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