Clinician Preferences for Oxybate Treatment for Narcolepsy: Survey and Discrete Choice Experiment

Introduction: Immediate-release sodium oxybate (SXB) has been Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved to treat narcolepsy since 2002; in 2020, a mixed-salt oxybates formulation was also approved. Both are taken at bedtime with a second dose taken 2.5–4 h later. A third oxybate option, an investigational extended-release SXB, may soon be available. This study was undertaken to understand clinicians’ preferences between these 3 different oxybate treatments. Methods: Clinicians in active clinical practice for 3–35 years and experience treating patients with narcolepsy were recruited. A 30-min web-based survey quantified narcolepsy disease-state attitudes, treatment perceptions, and satisfaction with oxybates on 9-point scales. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) of 12 choice sets, with 2 hypothetical treatment profiles in each, was used to capture clinician preferences about overall oxybate therapy preference, impact on patient quality of life (QoL), and patient anxiety/stress. Attributes associated with current therapies and those expected to be available in the near future were included in the design. Results: The clinicians surveyed (n = 100) indicated that narcolepsy has a negative impact on patient QoL (mean rating, 7.7) and rated impact on QoL and treatment efficacy as the most important aspects of a narcolepsy treatment (mean rating, 7.3–7.7). Clinicians with experience prescribing oxybates had moderately high satisfaction with SXB and mixed-salt oxybates efficacy (mean ratings, 6.5–6.9) and safety (mean ratings, 6.1–6.7) and lower satisfaction with nightly dosing frequency (mean rating, 5.9 and 6.3, respectively). In the DCE, dosing frequency was the most important attribute driving overall product choice, patient QoL, and reducing patient anxiety/stress (relative attribute importance, 46.1, 41.7, and 44.0, respectively), with once nightly preferred over twice nightly. Conclusion: Clinicians indicated a significantly higher preference for the once-at-bedtime dosing schedule versus twice nightly in selecting oxybate therapies overall and when aiming to improve patient QoL or reduce patient anxiety.