@article{0b3a13329f384b3ea9b3622fc3e78273,
title = "Age-varying Associations of Depressive Symptoms and Heavy Episodic Drinking Throughout Adulthood Among People with HIV and Receiving care in Cameroon Within a National “treat all” Policy",
abstract = "Comorbid depression and heavy episodic drinking (HED) may threaten the success of “treat all” policies in sub-Saharan Africa as the population of people with HIV (PWH) ages. We investigated associations between depressive symptoms and heavy episodic drinking (HED) and the extent the relationship differed across ages among PWH receiving HIV care in Cameroon. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 18-60-year-old PWH on antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon from January 2016 to March 2020. Age-varying effect modelling was conducted to assess associations between depressive symptoms and HED across ages and by gender. Prevalence of depression and HED was highest at ages 20 and 25, respectively. After age 25, the magnitude of the association between depressive symptoms and HED was significant and increased until age 30 (aOR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.48, 2.39), with associations remaining significant until age 55 (aOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.29). Women had more variability and higher magnitudes of associations between depressive symptoms and HED than men. The interrelationship between depressive symptoms and HED was significant throughout most of adulthood for PWH receiving HIV care in Cameroon. Understanding age and gender trends in these associations can guide integration efforts in HIV care settings.",
keywords = "Adults, Alcohol misuse, Antiretroviral therapy, Cameroon, HIV, Mental health",
author = "Lancaster, {Kathryn Elizabeth} and Molly Remch and Andrew Edmonds and Rogers Ajeh and Anastase Dzudie and Adebola Adedimeji and Denis Nash and Kathryn Anastos and Marcel Yotebieng and Yone-Pefura, {Eric Walter} and Denis Nsame and Parcesepe, {Angela M.}",
note = "Funding Information: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), the Fogarty International Center (FIC), the National Library of Medicine (NLM), and the Office of the Director (OD) under Award Number U01AI096299 (Central Africa-IeDEA). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Funding Information: We used data from the Central Africa-International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (CA-IeDEA) study, a clinical cohort of PWH.[] The CA‐IeDEA research consortium, one of seven regional cohorts within IeDEA ( https://www.iedea.org ), is funded by the United States National Institutes of Health to investigate the impact, progression and long‐term outcomes of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Central Africa. The CA‐IeDEA routinely collects sociodemographic, clinical, and immunological data from the medical records of patients enrolled in HIV care at participating sites in Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Republic of Congo (ROC) and Rwanda []. In Cameroon, clinical information, including depressive symptoms and alcohol use, is collected directly from the participants. This retrospective analysis includes data from 18-60-year-old PWH on ART at CA-IeDEA Cameroon sites between January 2016 and March 2020. The IeDEA Cameroon sites included were three HIV treatment centers in Bamenda, Limbe, and Yaounde. Funding Information: CA-IeDEA Site investigators and cohorts: Nimbona P{\'e}lagie, Association Nationale de Soutien aux S{\'e}ropositifs et Malade du Sida (ANSS), Burundi; Patrick Gateretse, Jeanine Munezero, Valentin Nitereka, Th{\'e}odore Niyongabo, Christelle Twizere, Centre National de R{\'e}f{\'e}rence en Mati{\`e}re de VIH/SIDA, Burundi; H{\'e}l{\`e}ne Bukuru, Thierry Nahimana, Centre de Prise en Charge Ambulatoire et Multidisciplinaire des PVVIH/SIDA du Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Kamenge (CPAMP-CHUK), Burundi; Elys{\'e}e Baransaka, Patrice Barasukana, Eugene Kabanda, Martin Manirakiza, Fran{\c c}ois Ndikumwenayo, CHUK/Burundi National University, Burundi; J{\'e}r{\'e}mie Biziragusenyuka, Ange Marie Michelline Munezero, Centre de Prise en Charge Ambulatoire et Multidisciplinaire des PVVIH/SIDA de l{\textquoteright}H{\^o}pital Prince R{\'e}gent Charles (CPAMP-HPRC), Burundi; Denis Nsame Nforniwe, Bamenda Hospital, Cameroon; Rogers Ajeh, Marc Lionel Ngamani, Clinical Research Education and Consultancy (CRENC), Cameroon; Anastase Dzudie, CRENC and Douala General Hospital, Cameroon; Akindeh Mbuh, CRENC and University of Yaound{\'e}, Cameroon; Djenabou Amadou, Eric Walter Pefura Yone, Jamot Hospital, Cameroon; Ernestine Kendowo, Limbe Regional Hospital, Cameroon; Catherine Akele, Akili Clever, Faustin Kitetele, Patricia Lelo, Martine Tabala, Kalembelembe Pediatric Hospital, Democratic Republic of Congo; Cherubin Ekembe, Didine Kaba, Kinshasa School of Public Health, Democratic Republic of Congo; Merlin Diafouka, Martin Herbas Ekat, Dominique Mahambou Nsonde, CTA Brazzaville, Republic of Congo; Adolphe Mafoua, Massamba Ndala Christ, CTA Pointe-Noire, Republic of Congo; Jules Igirimbabazi, Nicole Ayinkamiye, Bethsaida Health Center, Rwanda; Providance Uwineza, Emmanuel Ndamijimana, Busanza Health Center, Rwanda; Emmanuel Habarurema, Marie Luise Nyiraneza, Gahanga Health Center, Rwanda; Marie Louise Nyiransabimana, Liliane Tuyisenge, Gikondo Health Center, Rwanda; Christian Shyaka, Catherine Kankindi, Kabuga Health Center, Rwanda; Bonheur Uwakijijwe, Marie Grace Ingabire, Kicukiro Health Center, Rwanda; Jules Ndumuhire, Marie Goretti Nyirabahutu, Masaka Health Center, Rwanda; Fred Muyango, Jean Christophe Bihibindi, Nyagasambu Health Center, Rwanda; Oliver Uwamahoro, Yvette Ndoli, Nyarugunga Health Center, Rwanda; Sabin Nsanzimana, Placidie Mugwaneza, Eric Remera, Esperance Umumararungu, Gallican Nshogoza Rwibasira, Dominique Savio Habimana, Rwanda Biomedical Center, Rwanda; Josephine Gasana, Faustin Kanyabwisha, Gallican Kubwimana, Benjamin Muhoza, Athanase Munyaneza, Gad Murenzi, Francoise Musabyimana, Francine Umwiza, Charles Ingabire, Patrick Tuyisenge, Alex M. Butera, Jules Kabahizi, Ephrem Rurangwa, Rwanda Military Hospital, Rwanda; Rosine Feza, Eugenie Mukashyaka, Shyorongi Health Center, Rwanda; Chantal Benekigeri, Jacqueline Musaninyange, WE-ACTx Health Center, Rwanda. Coordinating and Data Centers: Adebola Adedimeji, Kathryn Anastos, Madeline Dilorenzo, Lynn Murchison, Jonathan Ross, Marcel Yotebieng, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA; Diane Addison, Ellen Brazier, Heidi Jones, Elizabeth Kelvin, Sarah Kulkarni, Denis Nash, Matthew Romo, Olga Tymejczyk, Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York (CUNY), USA; Batya Elul, Columbia University, USA; Xiatao Cai, Allan Dong, Don Hoover, Hae-Young Kim, Chunshan Li, Qiuhu Shi, Data Solutions, USA; Kathryn Lancaster, The Ohio State University, USA; Mark Kuniholm, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA; Andrew Edmonds, Angela Parcesepe, Jess Edwards, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; Olivia Keiser, University of Geneva; Stephany Duda; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, USA; April Kimmel, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.",
year = "2023",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1007/s10461-022-03939-4",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "27",
pages = "2070--2078",
journal = "AIDS and Behavior",
issn = "1090-7165",
publisher = "Springer New York",
number = "7",
}
