Abstract
Objective: To perform a randomized controlled trial comparing moxifloxacin hydrochloride with polymyxin B-trimethoprim for the treatment of acute conjunctivitis. Study design: Patients ages 1-18 years old with acute conjunctivitis had cultures performed and were randomized to receive either moxifloxacin hydrochloride or polymyxin B-trimethoprim ophthalmic solution for 7 days. Response to treatment was determined by phone query on day 4-6 and by examination with post-treatment conjunctival culture on day 7-10. Results: One hundred and twenty-four patients were enrolled. Eighty patients (65%) had recognized pathogens (55 Haemophilus influenzae, 22 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 4 Moraxella catarrhalis) isolated from their conjunctiva. One hundred fourteen (56/62 moxifloxacin and 58/62 polymyxin B-trimethoprim) completed the 4-6 day evaluation, with 43/56 (77%) of the moxifloxacin group and 42/58 (72%) of the polymyxin B-trimethoprim group clinically cured according to parents (noninferiority test P = .04). Eighty-nine (39/56 moxifloxacin and 50/58 polymyxin B-trimethoprim) patients completed the 7-10 day evaluation. Clinical cure was observed in 37/39 (95%) of the moxifloxacin and 49/51 (96%) of the polymyxin B-trimethoprim treated groups (noninferiority test P ≤ .01). Clinical cure rates for culture positive and negative conjunctivitis were not different. There was no statistically significant difference in bacteriologic cure rates between the 2 groups. Conclusions: Polymyxin B-trimethoprim continues to be an effective treatment for acute conjunctivitis with a clinical response rate that does not differ from moxifloxacin. Use of polymyxin B-trimethoprim for the treatment of conjunctivitis would result in significant cost savings compared with fluoroquinolones.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 857-861 |
Number of pages | 5 |
Journal | Journal of Pediatrics |
Volume | 162 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 2013 |
Externally published | Yes |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health