@article{75bedd9a47f44d819c5aaa595de514d9,
title = "Vascular endothelial growth factor restores delayed tumor progression in tumors depleted of macrophages",
abstract = "Genetic depletion of macrophages in Polyoma Middle T oncoprotein (PyMT)-induced mammary tumors in mice delayed the angiogenic switch and the progression to malignancy. To determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) produced by tumor-associated macrophages regulated the onset of the angiogenic switch, a genetic approach was used to restore expression of VEGF-A into tumors at the benign stages. This stimulated formation of a high-density vessel network and in macrophage-depleted mice, was followed by accelerated tumor progression. The expression of VEGF-A led to a massive infiltration into the tumor of leukocytes that were mostly macrophages. This study suggests that macrophage-produced VEGF regulates malignant progression through stimulating tumor angiogenesis, leukocytic infiltration and tumor cell invasion.",
keywords = "Angiogenesis, Macrophages, Malignancy, Mammary, Mouse, Progression, PyMT, Transgenic, Tumor, Vascular endothelial growth factor",
author = "Lin, {Elaine Y.} and Li, {Jiu feng} and Gabriel Bricard and Weigang Wang and Yan Deng and Rani Sellers and Porcelli, {Steven A.} and Pollard, {Jeffrey W.}",
note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank Dr. Chris Contag, Stanford University, for his advice on the use of the virus 2A sequence in transgenic mice; Dr M.D. Ryan, University of Glasgow, for the plasmid containing the 2A sequence; Dr. Lewis Chodosh, University of Pennsylvania, for generously supplying the MMTV-rtTA mice; and Dr. Ken Chen and Binzhi Qian for the useful discussion. We also thank Jim Lee and Mark Thompson for excellent technical support and the technical staff of the Transgenic and Gene Targeting Facility, Analytical Imaging Facility and Histotechnology and Comparative Pathology Facility at Albert Einstein College of Medicine for advice. This work was supported by NCI grants CA RO1 94173, CA PO1 100324 and the Albert Einstein Cancer Center Core grant P30 CA 13330. J.W.P. is the Betty and Sheldon Feinberg senior faculty scholar in cancer research. E.Y.L. is a Miriam Mandel Scholar for 2006–2007.",
year = "2007",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.molonc.2007.10.003",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "1",
pages = "288--302",
journal = "Molecular Oncology",
issn = "1574-7891",
publisher = "Elsevier",
number = "3",
}