TY - JOUR
T1 - Tracing the Distribution of European Lactase Persistence Genotypes Along the Americas
AU - Guimarães Alves, Ana Cecília
AU - Sukow, Natalie Mary
AU - Adelman Cipolla, Gabriel
AU - Mendes, Marla
AU - Leal, Thiago P.
AU - Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza
AU - Lehtonen Rodrigues Souza, Ricardo
AU - Rainha de Souza, Ilíada
AU - Sanchez, Cesar
AU - Santolalla, Meddly
AU - Loesch, Douglas
AU - Dean, Michael
AU - Machado, Moara
AU - Moon, Jee Young
AU - Kaplan, Robert
AU - North, Kari E.
AU - Weiss, Scott
AU - Barreto, Mauricio L.
AU - Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda
AU - Guio, Heinner
AU - Cáceres, Omar
AU - Padilla, Carlos
AU - Tarazona-Santos, Eduardo
AU - Mata, Ignacio F.
AU - Dieguez, Elena
AU - Raggio, Víctor
AU - Lescano, Andres
AU - Tumas, Vitor
AU - Borges, Vanderci
AU - Ferraz, Henrique B.
AU - Rieder, Carlos R.
AU - Schumacher-Schuh, Artur
AU - Santos-Lobato, Bruno L.
AU - Chana-Cuevas, Pedro
AU - Fernandez, William
AU - Arboleda, Gonzalo
AU - Arboleda, Humberto
AU - Arboleda-Bustos, Carlos E.
AU - O’Connor, Timothy D.
AU - Beltrame, Marcia Holsbach
AU - Borda, Victor
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2021 Guimarães Alves, Sukow, Adelman Cipolla, Mendes, Leal, Petzl-Erler, Lehtonen Rodrigues Souza, Rainha de Souza, Sanchez, Santolalla, Loesch, Dean, Machado, Moon, Kaplan, North, Weiss, Barreto, Lima-Costa, Guio, Cáceres, Padilla, Tarazona-Santos, Mata, Dieguez, Raggio, Lescano, Tumas, Borges, Ferraz, Rieder, Schumacher-Schuh, Santos-Lobato, Chana-Cuevas, Fernandez, Arboleda, Arboleda, Arboleda-Bustos, O’Connor, Beltrame and Borda.
PY - 2021/9/22
Y1 - 2021/9/22
N2 - In adulthood, the ability to digest lactose, the main sugar present in milk of mammals, is a phenotype (lactase persistence) observed in historically herder populations, mainly Northern Europeans, Eastern Africans, and Middle Eastern nomads. As the –13910∗T allele in the MCM6 gene is the most well-characterized allele responsible for the lactase persistence phenotype, the –13910C > T (rs4988235) polymorphism is commonly evaluated in lactase persistence studies. Lactase non-persistent adults may develop symptoms of lactose intolerance when consuming dairy products. In the Americas, there is no evidence of the consumption of these products until the arrival of Europeans. However, several American countries’ dietary guidelines recommend consuming dairy for adequate human nutrition and health promotion. Considering the extensive use of dairy and the complex ancestry of Pan-American admixed populations, we studied the distribution of –13910C > T lactase persistence genotypes and its flanking haplotypes of European origin in 7,428 individuals from several Pan-American admixed populations. We found that the –13910∗T allele frequency in Pan-American admixed populations is directly correlated with allele frequency of the European sources. Moreover, we did not observe any overrepresentation of European haplotypes in the –13910C > T flanking region, suggesting no selective pressure after admixture in the Americas. Finally, considering the dominant effect of the –13910∗T allele, our results indicate that Pan-American admixed populations are likely to have higher frequency of lactose intolerance, suggesting that general dietary guidelines deserve further evaluation across the continent.
AB - In adulthood, the ability to digest lactose, the main sugar present in milk of mammals, is a phenotype (lactase persistence) observed in historically herder populations, mainly Northern Europeans, Eastern Africans, and Middle Eastern nomads. As the –13910∗T allele in the MCM6 gene is the most well-characterized allele responsible for the lactase persistence phenotype, the –13910C > T (rs4988235) polymorphism is commonly evaluated in lactase persistence studies. Lactase non-persistent adults may develop symptoms of lactose intolerance when consuming dairy products. In the Americas, there is no evidence of the consumption of these products until the arrival of Europeans. However, several American countries’ dietary guidelines recommend consuming dairy for adequate human nutrition and health promotion. Considering the extensive use of dairy and the complex ancestry of Pan-American admixed populations, we studied the distribution of –13910C > T lactase persistence genotypes and its flanking haplotypes of European origin in 7,428 individuals from several Pan-American admixed populations. We found that the –13910∗T allele frequency in Pan-American admixed populations is directly correlated with allele frequency of the European sources. Moreover, we did not observe any overrepresentation of European haplotypes in the –13910C > T flanking region, suggesting no selective pressure after admixture in the Americas. Finally, considering the dominant effect of the –13910∗T allele, our results indicate that Pan-American admixed populations are likely to have higher frequency of lactose intolerance, suggesting that general dietary guidelines deserve further evaluation across the continent.
KW - Latin America
KW - MCM6 gene
KW - dairy consumption
KW - lactose intolerance
KW - nutrition policies
KW - population genetics
KW - –13910C > T
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85116585147&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85116585147&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fgene.2021.671079
DO - 10.3389/fgene.2021.671079
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85116585147
SN - 1664-8021
VL - 12
JO - Frontiers in Genetics
JF - Frontiers in Genetics
M1 - 671079
ER -