TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of manganese on neurotransmitter systems
AU - Soares, Ana Thalita Gonçalves
AU - Silva, Aline de Castro
AU - Tinkov, Alexey A.
AU - Khan, Haroon
AU - Santamaría, Abel
AU - Skalnaya, Margarita G.
AU - Skalny, Anatoly V.
AU - Tsatsakis, Aristidis
AU - Bowman, Aaron B.
AU - Aschner, Michael
AU - Ávila, Daiana Silva
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier GmbH
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - Background: Manganese (Mn) is a metal ubiquitously present in nature and essential for many living organisms. As a trace element, it is required in small amounts for the proper functioning of several important enzymes, and reports of Mn deficiency are indeed rare. Methods: This mini-review will cover aspects of Mn toxicokinetics and its impact on brain neurotransmission, as well as its Janus-faced effects on humans and other animal's health. Results: The estimated safe upper limit of intracellular Mn for physiological function is in anarrow range of 20–53 μM.Therefore, intake of higher levels of Mn and the outcomes, especially to the nervous system, have been well documented. Conclusion: The metal affects mostly the brain by accumulating in specific areas, altering cognitive functions and locomotion, thus severely impacting the health of the exposed organisms.
AB - Background: Manganese (Mn) is a metal ubiquitously present in nature and essential for many living organisms. As a trace element, it is required in small amounts for the proper functioning of several important enzymes, and reports of Mn deficiency are indeed rare. Methods: This mini-review will cover aspects of Mn toxicokinetics and its impact on brain neurotransmission, as well as its Janus-faced effects on humans and other animal's health. Results: The estimated safe upper limit of intracellular Mn for physiological function is in anarrow range of 20–53 μM.Therefore, intake of higher levels of Mn and the outcomes, especially to the nervous system, have been well documented. Conclusion: The metal affects mostly the brain by accumulating in specific areas, altering cognitive functions and locomotion, thus severely impacting the health of the exposed organisms.
KW - Manganese
KW - Manganism
KW - Neurotoxicity
KW - Trace elements
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126554
DO - 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126554
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32480053
AN - SCOPUS:85085323179
SN - 0946-672X
VL - 61
JO - Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
JF - Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
M1 - 126554
ER -