Neuroinflammatory and autonomic mechanisms in diabetes and hypertension

Cheng Han, Mattheww Rice, Dongsheng Cai

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

43 Scopus citations

Abstract

Interdisciplinary studies in the research fields of endocrinology and immunology show that obesityassociated overnutrition leads to neuroinflammatory molecular changes, in particular in the hypothalamus, chronically causing various disorders known as elements of metabolic syndrome. In this process, neural or hypothalamic inflammation impairs the neuroendocrine and autonomic regulation of the brain over blood pressure and glucose homeostasis as well as insulin secretion, and elevated sympathetic activation has been appreciated as a critical mediator. This review describes the involved physiology and mechanisms, with a focus on glucose and blood pressure balance, and suggests that neuroinflammation employs the autonomic nervous system to mediate the development of diabetes and hypertension.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)E32-E41
JournalAmerican Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume311
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 1 2016

Keywords

  • Autonomic nervous system
  • Hypothalamus
  • Inflammation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Physiology
  • Physiology (medical)

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