miR-181c targets Parkin and SMAD7 in human cardiac fibroblasts: Validation of differential microRNA expression in patients with diabetes and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Background: Cardiac fibrosis represents a key element in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a condition highly prevalent amongst geriatric patients, especially if diabetic. The microRNA 181c (miR-181c) has been shown to be associated with the response to exercise training in HFpEF patients and has been also linked to diabetic cardiovascular complications. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Objective: To measure circulating miR-181c in elderly patients with HFpEF and diabetes mellitus (DM) and identify gene targets pathophysiologically relevant in HFpEF. Methods: We quantified circulating miR-181c in frail older adults with a confirmed diagnosis of HFpEF and DM, and, as control, we enrolled age-matched subjects without HFpEF and without DM. We validated in human cardiac fibroblasts the molecular mechanisms linking miR-181c to a pro-fibrotic response. Results: 51 frail patients were included :34 patients with DM and HFpEF and 17 age-matched controls. We observed that miR-181c was significantly upregulated (p < 0.0001) in HFpEF patients vs controls. We confirmed in vitro that miR-181c is targeting PRKN and SMAD7. Conclusions: We demonstrate that miR-181c levels are significantly increased in frail elderly adults with DM and HFpEF and that miR-181c targets PRKN and SMAD7 in human cardiac fibroblasts.