Evidence for a role of the nerve growth factor receptor TrkA in tyrosine phosphorylation and processing of β-APP

The cytoplasmic tail of the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) contains a Y⁶⁸² ENPTY⁶⁸⁷ sequence through which APP associates with phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain containing proteins in a tyrosine phosphorylation-independent manner. We have recently found that tyrosine phosphorylation of APP-Y⁶⁸² promotes docking of Shc proteins that modulate growth factor signaling to the ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. We have also shown that APP is phosphorylated on Y⁶⁸² in cells that overexpress a constitutively active form of the tyrosine kinase abl. Here we present evidence that the nerve growth factor receptor TrkA may also promote phosphorylation of APP. Overexpression of TrkA, but not of mutated, kinase inactive TrkA resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of APP. Site-directed mutagenesis studies showed that TrkA overexpression was associated with phosphorylation of APP-Y⁶⁸². Moreover, overexpression of TrkA also affected APP processing reducing the generation of the APP intracellular domain (AID). Thus, tyrosine phosphorylation of APP may functionally link APP processing and neurotrophic signaling to intracellular pathways associated with cellular differentiation and survival.