Estrogen Decreases Chemokine Levels in Murine Mammary Tissue: Implications for the Regulatory Role of MIP-1 Alpha and MCP-1/JE in Mammary Tumor Formation

Peter Fanti, Michael Nazareth, Robert Bucelli, Michael Mineo, Kathleen Gibbs, Michael Kumin, Kevin Grzybek, Lisa Raiber, Kristin Poppenberg, Kelly Janis, Catherine Schwach, Susan M. Aronica

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

20 Scopus citations

Abstract

Estrogen contributes to the development of breast cancer through mechanisms that are not completely understood. Estrogen influences the function of immune effector cells, primarily through alterations in cytokine expression. Chemokines are proinflammatory cytokines that attract various immune cells to the site of tissue injury or inflammation, and activate many cell types, including T lymphocytes and monocytes. As an initial step toward ultimately determining whether regulation of chemokine expression and/or biological activity by estrogen could potentially be a contributing factor to the development and progression of mammary tumors, we evaluated the effect of estrogen on the expression of specific chemokines in murine mammary tissue. We also evaluated whether exposure of female mice to various chemokines could alter the growth of mammary tumors in the presence of estrogen. We report here that estrogen significantly decreases levels of the chemokines MIP-1α and MCP-1/JE in murine mammary tissue. Co-treatment with 4-hydroxytamoxifen partially reverses the suppressive effect of estrogen on MIP-1α levels. Estrogen increases the growth of CCL-51 cell-based tumors in the mammary glands of female mice. Co-treatment with the chemokine MIP-1α or MCP-1/JE substantially decreases the ability of estrogen to stimulate the formation of CCL-51 cell-based tumors. Our results show that estrogen might influence the bioactivity of specific chemokines through alteration of chemokine expression in mammary tissue, and further suggest that decreases in murine chemokines evoked by estrogen exposure could contribute to the promotion of mammary tumor growth.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)161-167
Number of pages7
JournalEndocrine
Volume22
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2003
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Chemokine
  • Estrogen
  • Mammary
  • Mammary tumor

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Endocrinology

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