@article{c743d555bca445afa5a63a71bc2a5cd0,
title = "Effectiveness of a Third Dose of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines in Preventing COVID-19 Hospitalization Among Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Adults — United States, August–December 2021",
abstract = "COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] and mRNA-1273 [Moderna]) provide protection against infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and are highly effective against COVID-19–associated hospitalization among eligible persons who receive 2 doses (1,2). However, vaccine effectiveness (VE) among persons with immunocompromising conditions* is lower than that among immunocompetent persons (2), and VE declines after several months among all persons (3). On August 12, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for a third mRNA vaccine dose as part of a primary series ≥28 days after dose 2 for persons aged ≥12 years with immunocompromising conditions, and, on November 19, 2021, as a booster dose for all adults aged ≥18 years at least 6 months after dose 2, changed to ≥5 months after dose 2 on January 3, 2022 (4,5,6). Among 2,952 adults (including 1,385 COVID-19 case-patients and 1,567 COVID-19–negative controls) hospitalized at 21 U.S. hospitals during August 19– December 15, 2021, effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19–associated hospitalization was compared between adults eligible for but who had not received a third vaccine dose (1,251) and vaccine-eligible adults who received a third dose ≥7 days before illness onset (312).",
author = "Tenforde, {Mark W.} and Patel, {Manish M.} and Manjusha Gaglani and Ginde, {Adit A.} and Douin, {David J.} and Talbot, {H. Keipp} and Casey, {Jonathan D.} and Mohr, {Nicholas M.} and Anne Zepeski and Tresa McNeal and Shekhar Ghamande and Gibbs, {Kevin W.} and Files, {D. Clark} and Hager, {David N.} and Arber Shehu and Prekker, {Matthew E.} and Erickson, {Heidi L.} and Gong, {Michelle N.} and Amira Mohamed and Johnson, {Nicholas J.} and Vasisht Srinivasan and Steingrub, {Jay S.} and Peltan, {Ithan D.} and Brown, {Samuel M.} and Martin, {Emily T.} and Monto, {Arnold S.} and Akram Khan and Hough, {Catherine L.} and Busse, {Laurence W.} and Abhijit Duggal and Wilson, {Jennifer G.} and Nida Qadir and Chang, {Steven Y.} and Christopher Mallow and Carolina Rivas and Babcock, {Hilary M.} and Kwon, {Jennie H.} and Exline, {Matthew C.} and Mena Botros and Lauring, {Adam S.} and Shapiro, {Nathan I.} and Natasha Halasa and Chappell, {James D.} and Grijalva, {Carlos G.} and Rice, {Todd W.} and Jones, {Ian D.} and Stubblefield, {William B.} and Adrienne Baughman and Womack, {Kelsey N.} and Rhoads, {Jillian P.} and Lindsell, {Christopher J.} and Hart, {Kimberly W.} and Yuwei Zhu and Naioti, {Eric A.} and Katherine Adams and Lewis, {Nathaniel M.} and Diya Surie and McMorrow, {Meredith L.} and Self, {Wesley H.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022,MMWR Recommendations and Reports. All Rights Reserved.",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.15585/mmwr.mm7104a2",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "71",
pages = "118--124",
journal = "MMWR Recommendations and Reports",
issn = "1057-5987",
publisher = "Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human Services",
number = "4",
}
