TY - JOUR
T1 - Developmental aspects of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and rat brain endothelial (RBE4) cells as in vitro model for studies on chlorpyrifos transport
AU - Yang, Jian
AU - Aschner, Michael
N1 - Funding Information:
This review was supported by Public Health Service grants ES07331 and ES010563 to M.A.
PY - 2003/8
Y1 - 2003/8
N2 - The mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is characterized by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a restrictive barrier endowed with the maintenance of homeostatic control of an optimal milieu within the brain. Whereas in tissues other than the CNS, concentrations of various metabolites (amino acids, K+) can undergo frequent fluctuations, the CNS must keep rigorous control over the extracellular cerebral fluid composition, preventing the mirroring of transient fluctuations in blood, because abrupt changes in these metabolites can translate to aberrant CNS function. The BBB is a specialized structure accomplished by individual endothelial cells that are continuously linked by tight junctions. This brief review will address pertinent issues to development of the BBB. Particular emphasis will be directed at the role of astrocytes in the induction and maintenance of the restrictive properties of this barrier, and the utility of in vitro culture models in surveying transport kinetics, exemplified by recent studies with the pesticide, chlorpyrifos.
AB - The mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is characterized by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a restrictive barrier endowed with the maintenance of homeostatic control of an optimal milieu within the brain. Whereas in tissues other than the CNS, concentrations of various metabolites (amino acids, K+) can undergo frequent fluctuations, the CNS must keep rigorous control over the extracellular cerebral fluid composition, preventing the mirroring of transient fluctuations in blood, because abrupt changes in these metabolites can translate to aberrant CNS function. The BBB is a specialized structure accomplished by individual endothelial cells that are continuously linked by tight junctions. This brief review will address pertinent issues to development of the BBB. Particular emphasis will be directed at the role of astrocytes in the induction and maintenance of the restrictive properties of this barrier, and the utility of in vitro culture models in surveying transport kinetics, exemplified by recent studies with the pesticide, chlorpyrifos.
KW - Astrocytes
KW - Blood-brain barrier
KW - Central nervous system
KW - Chlorpyrifos
KW - Rat brain endothelial
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U2 - 10.1016/S0161-813X(03)00025-1
DO - 10.1016/S0161-813X(03)00025-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 12900088
AN - SCOPUS:0041736008
SN - 0161-813X
VL - 24
SP - 741
EP - 745
JO - Neurotoxicology
JF - Neurotoxicology
IS - 4-5
ER -