Closed-loop enhancement and neural decoding of cognitive control in humans

Ishita Basu; Ali Yousefi; Britni Crocker; Rina Zelmann; Angelique C. Paulk; Noam Peled; Kristen K. Ellard; Daniel S. Weisholtz; G. Rees Cosgrove; Thilo Deckersbach; Uri T. Eden; Emad N. Eskandar; Darin D. Dougherty; Sydney S. Cash; Alik S. Widge

doi:10.1038/s41551-021-00804-y

Closed-loop enhancement and neural decoding of cognitive control in humans

Ishita Basu, Ali Yousefi, Britni Crocker, Rina Zelmann, Angelique C. Paulk, Noam Peled, Kristen K. Ellard, Daniel S. Weisholtz, G. Rees Cosgrove, Thilo Deckersbach, Uri T. Eden, Emad N. Eskandar, Darin D. Dougherty, Sydney S. Cash, Alik S. Widge

Neurological Surgery

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

31 Scopus citations

Abstract

Deficits in cognitive control—that is, in the ability to withhold a default pre-potent response in favour of a more adaptive choice—are common in depression, anxiety, addiction and other mental disorders. Here we report proof-of-concept evidence that, in participants undergoing intracranial epilepsy monitoring, closed-loop direct stimulation of the internal capsule or striatum, especially the dorsal sites, enhances the participants’ cognitive control during a conflict task. We also show that closed-loop stimulation upon the detection of lapses in cognitive control produced larger behavioural changes than open-loop stimulation, and that task performance for single trials can be directly decoded from the activity of a small number of electrodes via neural features that are compatible with existing closed-loop brain implants. Closed-loop enhancement of cognitive control might remediate underlying cognitive deficits and aid the treatment of severe mental disorders.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	576-588
Number of pages	13
Journal	Nature Biomedical Engineering
Volume	7
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-021-00804-y
State	Published - Apr 2023

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biotechnology
Bioengineering
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Biomedical Engineering
Computer Science Applications

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Basu, I., Yousefi, A., Crocker, B., Zelmann, R., Paulk, A. C., Peled, N., Ellard, K. K., Weisholtz, D. S., Cosgrove, G. R., Deckersbach, T., Eden, U. T., Eskandar, E. N., Dougherty, D. D., Cash, S. S., & Widge, A. S. (2023). Closed-loop enhancement and neural decoding of cognitive control in humans. Nature Biomedical Engineering, 7(4), 576-588. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-021-00804-y

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title = "Closed-loop enhancement and neural decoding of cognitive control in humans",

abstract = "Deficits in cognitive control—that is, in the ability to withhold a default pre-potent response in favour of a more adaptive choice—are common in depression, anxiety, addiction and other mental disorders. Here we report proof-of-concept evidence that, in participants undergoing intracranial epilepsy monitoring, closed-loop direct stimulation of the internal capsule or striatum, especially the dorsal sites, enhances the participants{\textquoteright} cognitive control during a conflict task. We also show that closed-loop stimulation upon the detection of lapses in cognitive control produced larger behavioural changes than open-loop stimulation, and that task performance for single trials can be directly decoded from the activity of a small number of electrodes via neural features that are compatible with existing closed-loop brain implants. Closed-loop enhancement of cognitive control might remediate underlying cognitive deficits and aid the treatment of severe mental disorders.",

author = "Ishita Basu and Ali Yousefi and Britni Crocker and Rina Zelmann and Paulk, {Angelique C.} and Noam Peled and Ellard, {Kristen K.} and Weisholtz, {Daniel S.} and Cosgrove, {G. Rees} and Thilo Deckersbach and Eden, {Uri T.} and Eskandar, {Emad N.} and Dougherty, {Darin D.} and Cash, {Sydney S.} and Widge, {Alik S.}",

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year = "2023",

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doi = "10.1038/s41551-021-00804-y",

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AU - Peled, Noam

AU - Ellard, Kristen K.

AU - Weisholtz, Daniel S.

AU - Cosgrove, G. Rees

AU - Deckersbach, Thilo

AU - Eden, Uri T.

AU - Eskandar, Emad N.

AU - Dougherty, Darin D.

AU - Cash, Sydney S.

AU - Widge, Alik S.

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AB - Deficits in cognitive control—that is, in the ability to withhold a default pre-potent response in favour of a more adaptive choice—are common in depression, anxiety, addiction and other mental disorders. Here we report proof-of-concept evidence that, in participants undergoing intracranial epilepsy monitoring, closed-loop direct stimulation of the internal capsule or striatum, especially the dorsal sites, enhances the participants’ cognitive control during a conflict task. We also show that closed-loop stimulation upon the detection of lapses in cognitive control produced larger behavioural changes than open-loop stimulation, and that task performance for single trials can be directly decoded from the activity of a small number of electrodes via neural features that are compatible with existing closed-loop brain implants. Closed-loop enhancement of cognitive control might remediate underlying cognitive deficits and aid the treatment of severe mental disorders.

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Closed-loop enhancement and neural decoding of cognitive control in humans

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