TY - JOUR
T1 - Cerebral hemodynamics in the elderly a transcranial doppler study in the Einstein aging study cohort
AU - Yang, Dixon
AU - Cabral, Digna
AU - Gaspard, Emmanuel N.
AU - Lipton, Richard B.
AU - Rundek, Tatjana
AU - Derby, Carol A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.
PY - 2016/9/1
Y1 - 2016/9/1
N2 - Objectives-We sought to describe the relationship between age, sex, and race/ethnicity with transcranial Doppler hemodynamic characteristics from major intracerebral arterial segments in a large elderly population with varying demographics. Methods-We analyzed 369 stroke-free participants aged 70 years and older from the Einstein Aging Study. Single-gate, nonimaging transcranial Doppler sonography, a noninvasive sonographic technique that assesses real-time cerebrovascular hemodynamics, was used to interrogate 9 cerebral arterial segments. Individual Doppler spectra and cerebral blood flow velocities were acquired, and the pulsatility index and resistive index were calculated by the device's automated waveform-tracking function. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the independent associations of age, sex, and race/ethnicity with transcranial Doppler measures, adjusting for hypertension, history of myocardial infarction or revascularization, and history of diabetes. Results-Among enrolled participants, 303 individuals had at least 1 vessel insonated (mean age [SD], 80 [6] years; 63% women; 58% white; and 32% black). With age, transcranial Doppler measures of mean blood flow velocity were significantly decreased in the basilar artery (P = .001) and posterior cerebral artery (right, P = .003; left, P = .02). Pulsatility indices increased in the left middle cerebral artery (P = .01) and left anterior cerebral artery (P = .03), and the resistive index was increased in the left middle cerebral artery (P= .007) with age. Women had higher pulsatility and resistive indices compared to men in several vessels. Conclusions-We report a decreased mean blood flow velocity and weakly increased arterial pulsatility and resistance with aging in a large elderly stroke-free population. These referential trends in cerebrovascular hemodynamics may carry important implications in vascular diseases associated with advanced age, increased risk of cerebrovascular disease, cognitive decline, and dementia.
AB - Objectives-We sought to describe the relationship between age, sex, and race/ethnicity with transcranial Doppler hemodynamic characteristics from major intracerebral arterial segments in a large elderly population with varying demographics. Methods-We analyzed 369 stroke-free participants aged 70 years and older from the Einstein Aging Study. Single-gate, nonimaging transcranial Doppler sonography, a noninvasive sonographic technique that assesses real-time cerebrovascular hemodynamics, was used to interrogate 9 cerebral arterial segments. Individual Doppler spectra and cerebral blood flow velocities were acquired, and the pulsatility index and resistive index were calculated by the device's automated waveform-tracking function. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the independent associations of age, sex, and race/ethnicity with transcranial Doppler measures, adjusting for hypertension, history of myocardial infarction or revascularization, and history of diabetes. Results-Among enrolled participants, 303 individuals had at least 1 vessel insonated (mean age [SD], 80 [6] years; 63% women; 58% white; and 32% black). With age, transcranial Doppler measures of mean blood flow velocity were significantly decreased in the basilar artery (P = .001) and posterior cerebral artery (right, P = .003; left, P = .02). Pulsatility indices increased in the left middle cerebral artery (P = .01) and left anterior cerebral artery (P = .03), and the resistive index was increased in the left middle cerebral artery (P= .007) with age. Women had higher pulsatility and resistive indices compared to men in several vessels. Conclusions-We report a decreased mean blood flow velocity and weakly increased arterial pulsatility and resistance with aging in a large elderly stroke-free population. These referential trends in cerebrovascular hemodynamics may carry important implications in vascular diseases associated with advanced age, increased risk of cerebrovascular disease, cognitive decline, and dementia.
KW - Aging
KW - Blood flow velocities
KW - Cerebral hemodynamics
KW - Head and neck ultrasound
KW - Pulsatiliy index
KW - Resistive index
KW - Transcranial Doppler sonography
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U2 - 10.7863/ultra.15.10040
DO - 10.7863/ultra.15.10040
M3 - Article
C2 - 27417737
AN - SCOPUS:84984917646
SN - 0278-4297
VL - 35
SP - 1907
EP - 1914
JO - Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine
JF - Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine
IS - 9
ER -