Body dysmorphic disorder, pathological gambling, and sexual compulsions

This article focuses on body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), pathological gambling, and sexual compulsions within the realm of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. These three disorders affect sizable numbers of the population, have an early age at onset and chronic courses, and seem to have a preferential response to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs). They also have a high comorbidity with obsessive compulsive disorder, depression, and other impulse control disorders. BDD patients lie more toward the compulsive/risk-aversive end of the dimensional model of obsessive compulsive spectrum disorder and often have poor insight. Pathological gambling patients lie more toward the impulsivity/novelty seeking end of the OCD spectrum and often have features of inattention. Sexual obsessions and/or compulsions encompass a heterogeneous group of disorders, as exhibited by differential response to SRIs within this group. These three disorders fall within a new and evolving field that requires further investigation and reconceptualization. This concept may have far-reaching consequences and yield more significant treatment outcomes.