Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gut microbiota

Marie Vétizou, Jonathan M. Pitt, Romain Daillère, Patricia Lepage, Nadine Waldschmitt, Caroline Flament, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Bertrand Routy, Maria P. Roberti, Connie P.M. Duong, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Antoine Roux, Sonia Becharef, Silvia Formenti, Encouse Golden, Sascha Cording, Gerard Eberl, Andreas Schlitzer, Florent Ginhoux, Sridhar ManiTakahiro Yamazaki, Nicolas Jacquelot, David P. Enot, Marion Bérard, Jérôme Nigou, Paule Opolon, Alexander Eggermont, Paul Louis Woerther, Elisabeth Chachaty, Nathalie Chaput, Caroline Robert, Christina Mateus, Guido Kroemer, Didier Raoult, Ivo Gomperts Boneca, Franck Carbonnel, Mathias Chamaillard, Laurence Zitvogel

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2335 Scopus citations

Abstract

Antibodies targeting CTLA-4 have been successfully used as cancer immunotherapy. We find that the antitumor effects of CTLA-4 blockade depend on distinct Bacteroides species. In mice and patients,Tcell responses specific for B. thetaiotaomicron or B. fragilis were associated with the efficacy of CTLA-4 blockade. Tumors in antibiotic-treated or germ-free mice did not respond to CTLA blockade. This defect was overcome by gavage with B. fragilis, by immunization with B. fragilis polysaccharides, or by adoptive transfer of B. fragilis-specific T cells. Fecal microbial transplantation from humans to mice confirmed that treatment of melanoma patients with antibodies against CTLA-4 favored the outgrowth of B. fragilis with anticancer properties. This study reveals a key role for Bacteroidales in the immunostimulatory effects of CTLA-4 blockade.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1079-1084
Number of pages6
JournalScience
Volume350
Issue number6264
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 27 2015

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gut microbiota'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this