Advances in Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Support for End Stage Heart Failure - A Therapy in Evolution

The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances and challenges in the clinical implementation of continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (CF LVADs) in patients with advanced heart failure. Post approval studies of CF LVAD therapy continue to show a progressive improvement in survival and reduction of adverse events. Major trials are ongoing to compare outcomes of an axial flow device (Heart Mate II) and smaller centrifugal flow pumps (HeartWare VADs and Heart Mate III). Numerous studies have investigated strategies to reduce major hematologic and neurologic adverse events by evaluating hemolysis, antithrombotic therapy, and blood pressure control. This review will present current findings that are centered around the impact of CF LVADs on improving survival and reducing adverse events through an evolution in management and design.